National Culture and Public Service Motivation †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the National Culture and Public Service Motivation. Answer: Introduction The research paper argues upon national culture and management behaviour. National culture defines the values, norms and obligation of the nation that represent it beyond the boundaries. Management behaviour is managing the behaviour of the individual in various situations which will, at last, contribute in building the national culture. The objective of the research is to bring out the relativity among the national culture and management behaviour. The research paper is professionally designed. First of all the problem is been identified and after that piloting of particular problem is done to figure out whether the issue actually exists and researching upon it will be worthwhile or not. On understanding the problem thoroughly and confirming its existence the objective is quoted along with the scope of the project. Research questions are developed which are answered in the literature review followed by research methodology adopted to conduct the research. On collecting the data its analysis is made and research limitation is constructed to note down the mistakes and not repeating it in the future. At last, the conclusion is drawn which briefly elucidates the crux of the entire research paper. In nutshell, the research paper is all about national culture and behaviour management which is linked by taking the example of Dominos and how the national culture and behaviour management affects an individual life and thereby the nation as a whole. The main aim of conducting this research is to know about the national culture and management behaviour. The research paper argues over the relativity of national culture and management behaviour by understanding the cultural dimensions and the role of management behaviour in Dominos thereby bring out the dependency of national culture over management behaviour and vice versa (Impact, n.d.). This research will assist in knowing about the national culture and how it affects the behaviour and how such behaviour could be managed for benefiting the nation as a whole. The objective will be fulfilled and this might help the researcher in their future aspect as well in learning about the culture and implementing the same in the organisations where they are working or will work in the near future. The research will help in improving the organisational culture and building up the bond between two or more nation thereby enhancing the growth of the countries (Mind genius, 2017). Research questions are the motive that is to be fulfilled in the entire research. They are the questions which are to be researched on or they are the problems that will be resolved at the end of research. The researcher would get their answer after conducting the research. The particular paper argues upon the national culture and management behaviour. The research questions that need to be answered are as follows: What is the relativity between national culture and management behaviour? How management behaviour helps in developing the organisation and nation as a whole? Literature review According to Kim (2015), national culture involves the values and beliefs that a nation holds. It describes the traditions and norms that a country follows and they are they become the symbolic representation of the particular nation. These cultures and values depict about the behaviour and thoughts of the people that help in making a decision and inculcating the policies accordingly. National cultures are shared values that an individual carry with them wherever they have been, in any corner of the world (Kim, 2015). It is the combination of knowledge, experience, values, beliefs, meanings and attitude of people towards other, concept of time, the notion of the universe, rules and material objects (IGI global, 2017). On analysing many countries and studying the norms and values national culture is bifurcated in the 6 dimensions: Collectivist and individual framework, power distance, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence. These dimensions are briefl y discussed below: Individualism: In individualism, people are independent to perform anything and are not bound by others activity. It is not actually concerned with the egoistic point of view. It supports the independent choices and admires the decision making at the individual level concerning about ones own thought and perception regarding a particular situation. As per Malaterre Foucreault (2016), collectivism works socially carrying everybody along with and this makes the individual interdependent upon the societal decision, in such situation, the independent thoughts could not be entertained and people get bound with the dominating ideas of others (Malaterre Foucreault, 2016). Power distance: In power distance, the one holding the less power tends to think that unequal distribution of power has been undertaken. They not only expect such things but either accept the one. The small group is been created and people get to know each other within the relevant time and appropriate leadership carries on as each one addresses to their leaders and members of the group. In large organisation attention towards each cannot be paid which leads to an ill feeling among one another and disturbances appear when equal attention is not paid individually (Geert Hofstede, n.d.). Masculinity: Masculinity defines the distributed roles as per the gender. Where more masculinity is emphasised the completion tends to be high having more enthusiasm related to the organisation carrying more of the masculinity approach. Such organisations are ambitious enough to acquire power and establish the high position. All those organisations that do not support the masculinity too much extent generally do not believe in gender biases and give priority to building up the relationship within the organisation (Vitell et.al, 2016). Long term oriented: The society is divided into 2 portions the short term oriented and long term oriented. The short term oriented believes in maintaining relations by spreading the cultural norms, values and beliefs and view the time in circular motion. They oscillate between past and present. The belief behind this is the work that is left incomplete in past will be completed in the present as all these are connected with one another. The long term approaches are future oriented and believe in gaining higher position and ensure the growth and development criteria. Indulgence: It focuses on fulfilling the needs of the members and approving their desires keeping the soft and generous corner towards members and emphasising over building up the relations and maintain it to create a healthy environment. As opposed to it is a restrained approach which does not bother much about relationships and follows the social rules and regulations that curb the satisfaction level and make members work oriented having no connection with one another. It demotivates the calm and soothing feeling and promotes strictness and stress. Uncertainty: This is the situation that focuses on the unpredictable circumstances. In this kind of situation, the unexpected causes occur which could be risky. These might be because of changing scenario and international dynamism in trends, taste and fashion. Such situation enhances the decision making power of the members and improve the quality of decision and increases the power to opt the risky situations. The more risk, the profit earning. Those industries which stand on a high index of uncertainty are rigid and do not welcome changes thus they are likely to stay underdeveloped. Those industries that are loose and stand low of uncertainty index are highly adaptable to changes and will, grow in a tremendous manner. These dimensions widen up the scope of decision making and enhancement of culture. They undertake the personality, attitude, behaviour, personal wealth, family history and values. Since the individual thought varies and are unpredictable in nature therefore independent individual personalities are not taken into consideration (Telelangue, 2011). It denotes the multi-cultural event that prevails in the country and an organisation as well. The management behaviour states organisational culture beyond the boundaries. After the globalisation situation has occurred the trade barriers were removed and import-export was motivated which enhances the companys revenue as well as contribute towards the countrys GDP. Also the change in organisational culture depicts the divergent people from distinct places carrying various cultures, traditions, language, working condition and living style. It is important for the organisation to understand this cross-culture and construct the organisational policies accordingly. Each member of the employee is obliged to pay equal respect to individual and help each other to cope up with the environment to create generosity. Build up the healthy relations within the organisation which will automatically result in improving relations beyond the boundary and strengthening the business of countries who all are indulged in the export import business (Cross culture, 2015). Linking National culture with Management Behaviour To clarify the management behaviour and organisational culture Dominos example will be suitable. Dominos is the largest pizza chain that exists in the world. Also it had numerous franchising running successfully across the world. In order to develop the business and flourish each and every outlet of it, first of all the culture of the particular country where the establishment is made should be thoroughly learned along with its legal policies, social norms, values and tradition of the country (Dominos, n.d.). In nutshell to open up the new franchisee or running the existing one national culture of the particular country need to be analysed and evaluated and actions should be formulated accordingly. The organisational culture also affects the organisational structure which inculcates the flow of information and passing on the authority and making delegations accordingly. The people working at Dominos are knowledgeable and aware of distinct peoples taste, trend, culture and values. The y fairly follow the national culture by providing healthy food and maintain the hygiene level to the utmost. They take care of nutritional value and promising the quick delivery which is USP of the organisation that satisfy the consumer and enhances loyalty (Dominos, 2015). Research methodology defines the entire criteria undertaken for conducting the research. It involves the problem identification, piloting, study upon the problem, data collection, interpretation of data, analysing and evaluating the data and finally implementing the data to derive the desired and worthy result. The data collection technique consists of two parts i.e. primary data and secondary data which could also be quoted as qualitative and quantitative methods which are also used in data analysis (Research methodology, 2017). 6.1 Primary data: It defines the first-hand data collection. Such data are collected personally through feedback forms, filling up the questionnaires, direct interview with people and experts and collecting data by conducting the campaign. They are mostly conducted when the research is related to the expansion of business or live market-related topic where the opinion of consumers and other people matters and solutions are gained accordingly. The platform where thoughts of other people matter at that position primary data is been used. 6.2 Secondary data: The secondary data is second-hand data collection technique. In this data collection method, the research paper earlier made by different authors and experts are collected and studied to find out the information and then including the own perspective and linking it with the earlier studies to develop new concept and theories. Examples of it are magazines, newspaper, articles, journals and book by the authorised author. This technique is adopted when scientific, analytical and intellectual research is been carried out (Community medicine, 2013). Concerning about the particular research moreover secondary research is been conducted by studying the articles and journals of the experts and authors and making out own perception to deliver the facts. The data collected is from the websites, journals and articles on the topic are intellectual and analytical. Thus, as quoted above secondary collection technique will be used. Still, for further clarity, the interviews with people are also conducted to know their views and opinions. Data analysis The data analysis is scrutinizing of the information collected and to check whether the data collected is correct or not? Is the research following the correct plan? The primary data is analysed through SPSS software or the questionnaire is evaluated in the Google forms and charts, graphs get created automatically in the excel sheet. There are certain techniques to analyse the data by using the chi-square, regression, correlation, t-test, f-test and ANOVA. The secondary data is analysed by determining whether the information collected is authentic or not. The relevance of information with the project is been calculated. Interpretation of the data is done for creating better understanding. Cross-analysis is made in order to bring clarity regarding what is happening and why is this happening? Also, the recommendations, ideas, suggestions and judgement is been given over the research topic to debate upon it and widen up the knowledge area. Gaining surety about the research objective and critically evaluate the data to reach the better and worthwhile conclusion (Study, 2017). In the following research, the data is been collected through the secondary sources and the analysis is been made. The analysis is made through creating the own understanding and bringing out the relevance of national culture and management behaviour. The relationship of both is explained by supporting it with the example of Dominos. Cross-analysis is also made along with rendering a certain recommendation to clarify the idea of the research paper and answering the research questions. Findings are the ultimate result of the research and it fulfils the objective for which the research is been conducted. It is derived from analysing the data and studying the solution thoroughly to bring out the relevance. Findings and discussion help in widening up the area of knowledge. It explains all those problems that arise before performing the research. It is the brief summary of the results that are found and it is the ultimate limit of the research being conducted. Through findings the new achievements, observations and thoughts get developed, things become easy to explain and change the current scenario (Azar, 2006). In this research following are the findings: National culture is something that represents the country beyond the boundaries and helps to explore it by the way of its tradition, values and origin. The 6 dimensions of culture help in analysing the countries and organisations situation as well. Things could be judged by implementing these dimensions and choosing the right path which fulfils the social obligations along with profit motive and building relationship among different countries. The management behaviour assists in bringing improvisations in the organisation to construct better policies and bring it into practice. Both the national culture and management behaviour are interrelated with each other. Better the culture better more will be the chances of development. Dominos is the largest pizza chain and consists of better understanding in the term of organisational culture and cross-culture behaviour. The organisation has successfully balanced the national culture and companys growth which turns to the development of the country as well by improving the GDP. Research Limitation The research limitation in the research limitation in the research paper is those drawbacks that occurred while conducting the research. If these points would not have aroused the research could be more authentic and areas of knowledge could be more diversified. These limitations help in analysing the demerits and making sure that the mistakes happened at this point in time will not be repeated in the near future. But the positive sign of limitation could be signified by the saying which goes like this: mistakes are the sign that the person is trying (Leard, 2012). Therefore the limitations associated with this research paper are: Primary data is not given much emphasis only secondary data is preferred. The data analysis made is through cross-analysis and self interpretation which may not be completely authentic. Since the data is collected from the magazines, newspaper, previous research paper and books thus, there are chances that reliability to the data is less. The research plan is the time table of the entire research. It is the plan which researcher had to follow so as to conduct the correct research and timely finish it up. It starts with the identification of the problem and ends it up with the conclusions. It is the date sheet where time and task is mentioned as researcher needs to adhere to it (University of Michigan, 2017). The action plan is been constructed and diagrammatically it is represented through the Gantt chart. Action plan Serial no. Activities Initiation Date Duration (in days) Completion Date 1 Problem identification 7th August 2017 1 7th August 2017 2 Setting up the objective 8th August 2017 1 8th August 2017 3 Research questions 9th August 2017 1 9th August 2017 4 Literature review 10th August 2017 5 14th August 2017 5 Research methodology 15th August 2017 7 21stAugust 2017 6 Data analysis 22nd August 2017 3 24th August 2017 7 Findings 25th August 2017 2 26th August 2017 8 Conclusion 27th August 2017 1 27th August 2017 Gantt chart Aug-17 Serial no. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Conclusion Therefore, from the entire research, it could be cultivated that national culture and management behaviour are interlinked. The national culture depicts the values, norms, traditions and culture of the country. These are the culture that attracts the foreign market and people to visit once and establish the organisation franchise, joint venture or merger-acquisition with different countries which will grow the relationship between the two or more countries. The management behaviour is the organisational culture that varies from country to country and organisation to organisation and balance between the national and organisational norms has to be made for simultaneous growth. Lastly, the efforts are made to relate national culture with the behaviour management to create improvisation and for this, the example of the Dominos has been used to clarify the idea and bring out connectivity and interdependence of one another. References Azar. B., 2006, Discussing your findings, viewed on 27th August 2017, https://www.apa.org/gradpsych/2006/01/findings.aspx. Community medicine, 2013, Types of Data: primary and secondary data, viewed on 27th August 2017, https://communitymedicine4asses.wordpress.com/2013/01/07/types-of-data-primary-and-secondary-data/. Cross culture, 2015, The Lewis model- dimensions of behaviour, viewed on 30th August 2017, https://www.crossculture.com/latest-news/the-lewis-model-dimensions-of-behaviour/. Dominos, 2015, Culture, viewed on 30th August 2017. https://jobs.dominos.com.au/our-company/culture. Dominos, n.d., About us, viewed on 30th August 2017, https://www.dominos.co.in/about-us. Geert Hofstede, n.d., The 6-D model of national culture, viewed on 25th August 2017, https://geerthofstede.com/culture-geert-hofstede-gert-jan-hofstede/6d-model-of-national-culture/. IGI Global, 2017, What is national culture, viewed on 25th August 2017, https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/national-culture/19905. Impact, n.d., What is project objective? viewed on 26th August 2017, https://impact.zewo.ch/en/impact/step1_define_objectives/project_objective. Kim. S., 2015, National culture and public service motivation: investigating the relationship using Hofstedes five cultural dimensions, viewed on 26th August 2017, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0020852315596214. Leard, 2012, Structure- how to structure the research limitations section of your dissertation, viewed on 27th August 2017, https://dissertation.laerd.com/how-to-structure-the-research-limitations-section-of-your-dissertation.php. Malaterre. A.O., Foucreault.A., 2016, Cross-national work-life research, viewed on 26th August 2017. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0149206316655873. Mind genius, 2017, Develop a project scope statement, viewed on 26th August 2017, https://www.mindgenius.com/Resources/Documents/Process-Improvement/Project-Scope-Statement-with-MindGenius.aspx. Research methodology, 2016, Types of Research Methods, viewed on 27th August 2017, https://research-methodology.net/research-methodology/research-types/. Study, 2017, Secondary data analysis: methods and advantages, viewed on 26th August 2017, https://study.com/academy/lesson/secondary-data-analysis-methods-advantages.html . Telelangue, 2011, Geert Hofstede and cultural-dimensions theory-an overview, viewed on 25th August 2017, https://news.telelangue.com/en/2011/09/cultural-theory. University of Michigan, 2017, Research proposals- plan or approach, viewed on 27th August 2017, https://orsp.umich.edu/research-proposals-plan-or-approach. Vitell. S.J., et.al, 2016, Spirituality, moral identity, and consumer ethics: a multi-cultural study, Journal of Business Ethics, vol.139, no.1, p.p. 147-160. Word press, 2015, Geert Hofstede: the 6 Dimensions of NationalCulture, viewed on 25th August 2017, https://h00247879.wordpress.com/2015/09/26/hofstedes-six dimensions/.